NL GenWebNewfoundland Mi'kmaw Hunters & Their Tribal (Ethnic) Origins
The following is a list of Newfoundland Mi'kmaw hunters listed as proprietors of traditional family hunting territories throughout Newfoundland, as extracted from the R. Near Manuscript Collection currently housed at the Provincial Archives of Newfoundland (PANL). The extract faithfully adheres in content and format to the information as presented in the manuscript copy of the original typeset.
Contributed by Dwayne Pike.
|
| Micmac Indian Materials | |
| Jeddore 1 | Micmac & Penobscot |
| Benoit | French & Micmac |
| John Stevens | Kenibewatc [Mc Knipewa'j "Abenki"] Penobscot wife mountaineer |
| John Matthews | (Micmac) Newells Paul Bk. lived at Fortune Bay Ind. Point, Bay desp. Hunter? Bay depair to N. Pauls |
| Matthy Michell 2 | part Montagnais from Mountaineer father from Sydney |
| Little Jim John 3 | (micmac pure) Asiktcigamuk "across Bay depair" |
| Lewis, Morris | (pure Sydney) Reub. Lewis Morris Lewis dead former Life Chief Chief in same family from Sydney |
| John Paul | Bay despair, mother mountaineer |
| Frank Paul | Micmac |
| John Joe | mother Mont. Father Micmac from Sydney |
|
Transcriber Notes: 1 Speck 1922 (132-133) gives this as George Jeddore, and the following entry of Benoit as Paul Benoit. For a slightly variant list of self-ascribed ethnic identities for each hunter the reader is directed to Speck (1922:132-133). Speck published this as "Hunting Territories of the Micmac-Montagnias of Newfoundland" (1914) Sources: 1.) Speck, F. G. 1922. Beothuk and Micmac, Indian Notes and Monographs, No. 22; and 2.) Chute, Janet E. 1999. Frank G. Speck's Contributions to the Understanding of Mi'kmaq Land Use, Leadership and Land Management. Etnohistory 46 (3: Summer): 481-540. 2 This is reportedly Matthew (or Matthieu) Michel (also Mitchell), son of Jean Michel Agathe (John Mitchell). Note in the PANL Vital Stats Return of Deaths an entry for a Christopher Michael listed as a Mountaineer Indian from Cape Breton. Note a Christopher Michel listed in the 1892-3 PANL Vital Stats Return of Deaths for the District of Bay St. Georges which gives the following information: Date of Death (July 15, 1892); Place of Death (Flat Bay); Age at Time of Death (60); Place of Burial (Bank Head); and Notes (Mountaineer Indian). There is also a reference in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly Petitions dated 1859 to a Chas? (or Jan?) [illegible writing] Michael listed as a Newfoundland Captain (sic.). He is listed in the petition along with other NS Mi'kmaw petitioners with family names such as Branur [Bernard], Peck, Paull [Paul], Coop [Cope], Ekane [Ekienne/Eteinne/Stevens], Richard, Joe, Sulian [Julian], and Brzur [Brazil]. Archival Holding Reference: Novas Scotia Archives (Retrieval No.: RG 5 Series, vol. 49, no. 39) (Nova Scotia Archives & Records Management-Mi'kmaq Holdings Resource Guide: http://www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/virtual/mikmaq/archives.asp?ID=561 3 If this is the son of James John as mentioned in Cormack (1822) then it is interesting that he self-identified as Micmac pure and not as Micmac-Montgnais as did Lewis John, whose hunting territory was listed as Long Harbour north to Terra Nova River (Speck 1922:133). For further information on this topic and the research of F. G. Speck on NS-NL Mi'kmaw traditional family hunting territories, the reader is directed to Speck (1922:133-134) and Chute (1999:481-540). Primary Archival Holding Source: Near, R. Collection Micmac Indian Material PANL MG 938 (Rep. 2cm) Postcript: The manuscript collection consisting of approximately of 2 cm of reproductive material contains a random collection of copies handwritten notes as compiled by the manuscript founder R. Near. It represents notes derived through fieldwork interviews with various Newfoundland and Nova Scotia Mi'kmaw elders, on various topics of ethnography, ethnohistory, material culture, mythology, folklore, ethnobotany, ethnomusicology, and traditional land tenure of inherited family hunting territories with names of proprietors with usufructury rights to hunt and trap therein. The collection largely represents a portfolio or fond of detailed mail and personal correspondence between R. Near and Frank G. Speck on topics relating to Newfoundland Mi'kmaw and Beothuk (Pi'takwkewaw) culture, history, land use and intertribal relations. It seems from the research notes compiled in the Near Micmac Indian Collection that Speck incorporated this information, after minor editing and revisions, in his 1922 edition of Beothuk and Micmac, base3d primarily on his NL fieldwork research conducted in 1914. © 2009 Dwayne Pike & NL GenWeb
|